Critical Minerals Supply Chain Research
Research on rare earths, tungsten, yttrium, gallium, graphite, copper, polysilicon, processing capacity, export controls, and stockpiling.
Publications
Grid Copper Bottlenecks Sit in Electrical Equipment Manufacturing
Event exposure
Where is the practical copper bottleneck for grid and data-center infrastructure: mines, smelters, refined cathode, fabrication, or finished electrical equipment?
The near-term copper constraint for power infrastructure is increasingly downstream of the mine, in the factories that turn refined copper into cable, transformer windings, busbars, and finished electrical equipment.
AI Infrastructure Exposure to China's Mineral Truce
Event exposure
Which AI infrastructure components and corporate relationships would face the earliest pressure if China's suspended critical-mineral restrictions return in November 2026?
A dated map of how suspended Chinese mineral controls could reach AI infrastructure through optical networking, fiber, power electronics, batteries, and manufacturing inputs before they constrain the GPU itself.
China's Gallium Controls Threaten Semiconductors and Power Electronics
Event exposure
How does China's gallium export-control leverage propagate from primary material into qualified semiconductor substrates, foundries, AI power electronics, mobile RF and defense radar?
China's gallium leverage is a qualification and processing chokepoint spanning semiconductor materials, RF, AI data-center power, telecom infrastructure, consumer electronics and defense radar.
China's Rare-Earth Controls Reach Robotics, Defense, and Chipmaking
Event exposure
How do China's rare earth export controls reach beyond electric vehicles into robotics, wind turbines, defense, aerospace, semiconductor equipment, industrial motors and data centers?
China's rare earth controls reach robotics, wind power, defense, aerospace, semiconductor equipment, industrial motors and data centers because downstream qualification and performance can matter more than raw-material tonnage.
China's Yttrium Export Controls Threaten Jet Engines and Chipmaking
Geographic exposure
How export licensing for a small critical-mineral input can threaten qualified turbine coatings and semiconductor plasma equipment far downstream.
Europe's Critical-Minerals Stockpile Needs Processed Materials
Event exposure
What would Europe actually need to buy for a useful critical minerals stockpile?
Europe's useful critical-minerals stockpile would need to focus on processed materials and conversion bottlenecks, not equal piles of every material on the EU critical list.
Humanoid Robot Joint Demand for Rare-Earth Magnets
Demand read-through
How could rising humanoid shipments and joint counts translate into demand for permanent magnets and magnet rare earths?
A scenario analysis of how humanoid shipment volumes and motorized joint counts could translate into NdFeB magnet and contained rare-earth demand.
Rare-Earth Magnet Manufacturing Is the Real Bottleneck
Geographic exposure
Why is qualified permanent magnet capacity a tighter rare earth bottleneck than mine supply, and which magnet producers and customers have the most economic exposure?
China's share rises from about 60% of mined magnet rare earths to 94% of sintered permanent magnet production. The tighter bottleneck is qualified magnet manufacturing capacity.
South Korea's Central Asia Mineral Strategy Depends on Processing
Event exposure
Which Central Asian critical-mineral supply chains can realistically diversify South Korea's semiconductor, battery, auto, nuclear, and industrial inputs?
South Korea's first Central Asia summit highlights a narrower critical-minerals opportunity centered on uranium, tungsten, molybdenum, copper, and the processing capacity needed to turn regional geology into qualified industrial supply.
U.S. Polysilicon Capacity Lacks Guaranteed Domestic Demand
Network path
Why can domestic US polysilicon capacity remain underutilized even while semiconductor reshoring increases strategic demand for the material?
US polysilicon policy is trying to secure a material essential to both chips and solar, but the economics still depend on downstream wafer buyers, qualification, and whether domestic material is actually preferred over foreign alternatives.
U.S. Tungsten Stockpiles and Public-Company Dependencies
Geographic exposure
A public-company map of tungsten exposure across carbide tooling, specialty materials, defense supply chains, semiconductor chemistry, and new Western capacity.